• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Sealing gasket for tunnels with heavy traffic or high-speed trains, formed by a continuous sheet along the entire joint (2) characterized by being an impermeable sheet (7) and having rubber bands on its sides (6). The fixing is achieved by adding a steel rim (8) and screws (9) that go through the aforementioned elements. Finally, a flame retardant coating formed by an elastic cement (10) is added to said sheet (7). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2559129A1
    申请号:ES201531216
    申请日:2015-08-24
    公开日:2016-02-10
    发明作者:José CASTELLANOS PALACIO；David BOLDOBA SÁNCHEZ
    申请人:David BOLDOBA SÁNCHEZ；José CASTELLANOS PALACIO；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

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    SEALING BOARD FOR TUNNELS DESCRIPTION
    Field of the invention
    The object of the invention is a sealing gasket that prevents water leaks originating inside the tunnels and more specifically between the joints of the concrete plates or segments that cover the inside of said tunnels. The sealing gasket has the main characteristic that it is formed by a set of elements arranged in a certain order, which also comply with the Euro-Class A1 protection requirements and that achieve a robust fixation that gives it superior durability.
    Background of the invention
    The tunnels are covered with concrete and every certain distance a gap is left to absorb the dilations that may occur. The moisture that seeps through the upper substrate looks for a place to exit and finds the most favorable point on the board.
    There are integral waterproofing solutions, but the existing solutions for joints are not good enough or do not provide the characteristics of durability, warranty (10 years) and fire resistance A 1 as a whole.
    . The best known and used is the use of fast setting mortar that is applied promptly on the places where there are leaks. This solution is not effective because the water looks for other places to leave and the filtration moves to another point that in turn should be treated with a new mortar superposition. Another solution is to place a metal tray on the dilatation joint that channels the water. This method is more effective than the previous one because it allows the water to fall and what it tries is to channel it to the ground avoiding leaks. But these gutters cannot be constituted in one piece, they have intermediate joints through which the water escapes again. In addition to dilatation they tend to deform and with the passage of water they tend to calcify, which gives them a very short useful life, in need of constant maintenance, repair and replacement.
    The utilization given to the tunnel can also be a problem for existing joints depending on the technique used. In tunnels with traffic, it is very important to achieve good waterproofing, but in turn traffic is a source of vibrations and problems. For example, High Speed trains create a strong suction
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    when crossing the tunnel and the existing protections between the joints start. In addition, European regulations require that the materials used inside the tunnels meet certain fire protection requirements.
    There is a wide variety of patents and utility models that protect waterproofing elements such as bituminous materials, PVC or EPDM rubbers. There are also a multitude of patents and utility models that present solutions for fixing these joints in dams, concrete enclosures that contain water and even tunnels. But the solution presented in this invention is the result of extensive experience in this sector achieving a simple and durable product and the sum of a series of specific requirements against the problems presented by the current evolution of traffic inside the tunnels .
    Description of the invention
    The sealing gasket object of the invention covers the ends of two adjacent concrete plates. The concrete plates are thus covered by the outside and this allows the water to slide through the interior of the seal until it reaches the ground. To ensure that there are no losses along the way, it is important that the joint be continuous throughout the entire surface of the tunnel, avoiding any disruption that may result in an escape route for water.
    Since the hollow or crack that originates between two concrete plates is in the form of a gutter, the proposed sealing gasket is U-shaped to be applied over the said hollow and cover it in its entirety both in width and length. So synthetic rubber bands are used to form the sides of the joint. These bands adhere with their corresponding hybrid elastic and adhesive sealant.
    Covering the entire gap between the concrete plates and resting on the mentioned rubber bands, an impermeable sheet is provided. This sheet also has a surface coating of specific mortar on its face, which is applied according to conventional methods and at least one layer. This provides sufficient fire protection to meet the requirements of Euro-Class A1.
    Finally, stainless steel wheels that are crossed with successive self-tapping screws are placed at both ends of the sheet. The peculiarity of the screw is that it crosses the rim, the sheet and the rubber band to the utisono, to finally be fixed in the concrete. The greater or lesser distance between screws favors a more robust fixation.
    The materials presented can be substituted by non-metallic materials or
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    same metallic materials can be added protections that avoid the problems that may arise inside the tunnel due to the electrical conductivity existing in the case of High Speed trains.
    The following technical advantages emerge from everything described above: as there is a large distribution of screws on the joint, it is possible to avoid the detachment of the joint due to the suction due to the speed of the trains and a long life to the joint is provided that can adequately withstand the vibrations due to traffic and the concrete's own dilatations without losing its tightness.
    Brief description of the drawings
    A series of drawings that help to better understand the invention and that expressly relate to an embodiment of said invention that is presented as a non-limiting example of this is described very briefly below.
    Figure 1 shows an inside section of a tunnel and the joint formed between two concrete plates.
    Figure 2 is a sectional view of the seal with the detailed distribution of all the elements that compose it.
    Figure 3 is a perspective view of the seal where the distribution of the fixing elements is appreciated.
    Detailed description of the invention
    As shown in Figure 1, a tunnel is a semicircular arch inside which a concrete coating (1) is disposed that due to its characteristic of being an elastic element must incorporate joints (2) to avoid fragmentation by dilatation and contraction of the plates with temperature changes. The plates extend from the floor (3) to the highest part or vault (4) and the function of the sealing gasket object of the invention is to cover the entire gasket (2) with a single piece in continuous.
    Figure 2 shows a section of the gasket (2) and the elements that cover it, achieving the required tightness. First, a hybrid elastic element (5) is distributed on both sides of the joint (2), which is a high elastic modulus and fast hardening putty that gives sealing support and adhesion to the rubber band (6). The elastic element (5) is arranged between the concrete (1) and the rubber (6) and also between the rubber band (6) and the impermeable sheet (7).
    Both the rubber band (6) that is placed on both sides of the joint (2), and the waterproof sheet (7) are continuous elements that extend from the ground (3) pass
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    through the vault (4) and continue again to the ground (3) in the opposite part of the tunnel. The rubber (6) is a microporous cell band whose main function is to absorb irregularities that may occur in the concrete wall (1) and provide the waterproof sheet (7) with a stable support to absorb dilation, vibration and high suction speeds. The rubber band (6) has a width of 30 mm and 7 mm thick in such a way that it covers the edges of the joint (2) and can be traversed in its central part by fixing element, leaving enough margin on its sides to prevent tearing or breaking during screw penetration. The waterproof sheet (7) has a width of 400 mm and 1.5 mm thick in such a way that it covers the gap formed by the joint (2) and extends along its sides the same distance as the rubber band (6) .
    A stainless steel rim (8) 30 mm wide and 3 mm thick, perforated to allow the final fixation to be established by means of a screw (9) is placed at the top of the waterproof sheet and at its ends. ). It is a screw (9) for 6x60 concrete, which does not need a plug, is self-tapping and holds static load and fire resistance. Said screw (9) crosses the rim (8), the impermeable sheet (7), the rubber band (6) and finally it is threaded into the concrete (1). The stainless steel rim (8) is a fastener and does not have to be continuous over the entire length of the tunnel.
    The last element that is added to the sealing gasket object of the invention is an elastic cement mortar (10) that is applied superficially on the exposed face of the impermeable sheet (7) providing a fire retardant coating.
    Figure 3 shows the assembly as it would be once assembled. Mark the distance between holes (11) in the stainless steel rim (8) through which the corresponding screws (9) pass through. The short distance between holes (11) guarantees the robustness of the assembly against the vibrations of the vehicles and the suction produced by a High Speed train as it passes through the interior of a tunnel.
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
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    1. - Sealing gasket for tunnels that covers the hole between concrete plates (1) to see the filtered water inside the tunnel to the ground (3), characterized by the fact that
    - cover the gap between concrete plates (1) in width and length,
    - it is continuous on the entire surface of the tunnel,
    - It is U-shaped with the sides composed of rubber bands (6) attached by elastic element (5) to the concrete (1) and to a waterproof sheet (7) covered with elastic mortar (10) that forms, together with the rim stainless steel (8) of the ends, the base of the assembly, and the fixation is done with screws (9) that crosses the rim (8), the impermeable sheet (7), the rubber band (6) and finally it is threaded in the concrete (1).
    [2]
    2. - Seal gasket for tunnels according to the first claim, characterized in that the impermeable sheet (7) has at least one layer of elastic cement (10) superimposed that provides a fireproof coating.
    [3]
    3. - Seal gasket for tunnels according to the first claim, characterized in that the rubber band (6) is a microporous cell band that absorbs irregularities and dilations of the concrete (1) and vibrations and suction due to high speeds of the tunnel itself.
    [4]
    4. - Sealing gasket for tunnels according to the first claim, characterized in that the elastic element (5) is hybrid sealant and adhesive, a high elastic modulus putty and rapid hardening, that the stainless steel rim (8) does not have to be continuous throughout its length and that the screws (9) are self-tapping for concrete and with high static load and fire resistance.
    [5]
    5. - Sealing gasket for tunnels according to the first claim, characterized in that the materials presented can be replaced by non-metallic materials or to the same metallic materials can be added protections for electrical conductivity.
    [6]
    6. - Gasket for tunnels according to the first claim, characterized in that the screws (9) that cross the rim (8), the impermeable sheet (7), the rubber band (6) and finally are threaded into the concrete (1), are placed every 12 cm in
    both sides of the tire (8).
    [7]
    7.- Gasket for tunnels according to the first claim, characterized in that the impermeable sheet (7) is 400 mm wide and 1.5 mm thick.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    ES2559129B1|2016-11-16|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    JPS5639300A|1979-09-04|1981-04-14|Shion Jiyushi Kogyo Kk|Device for preventing water leakage and conducting water at joint of tunnel|
    GB2076040A|1980-05-07|1981-11-25|Toyo Bussan Kk|Improvements relating to the watertight sealing of cracks and joints in tunnels|
    FR2522703A1|1982-03-04|1983-09-09|Cofex|Installing adhesive coated thermoplastic water stop seals - across structural joints using pilot patches of thermoplastic sheet and spot welds for initial support|
    JP2000303800A|1999-04-20|2000-10-31|Osaka Bosui Constr Co Ltd|Cleaning device and cleaning method for water introducing gutter in underground structure|
    JP2014088706A|2012-10-30|2014-05-15|Nexco Maintenance Kanto Co Ltd|Water-conveyance device|
    CN207905833U|2018-02-13|2018-09-25|南京联众建设工程技术有限公司|The sealing structure of the circumferential seam of underground pipe gallery|
    法律状态:
    2016-11-16| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2559129 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B1 Effective date: 20161116 |
    2021-09-15| FD2A| Announcement of lapse in spain|Effective date: 20210915 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201531216A|ES2559129B1|2015-08-24|2015-08-24|Gasket for tunnels|ES201531216A| ES2559129B1|2015-08-24|2015-08-24|Gasket for tunnels|
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